Methylene Blue (MB) is a heterocyclic aromatic compound with a long history of biomedical use and ongoing interest in research. As a redox-active agent, it functions as an alternative electron carrier within the mitochondrial electron transport chain, supporting ATP production and cellular energy metabolism. Studies suggest Methylene Blue may enhance mitochondrial function, reduce oxidative stress, and improve cellular resilience. It has also been investigated for its potential neuroprotective effects, memory enhancement, and applications in age-related cognitive decline, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic dysfunction.
In addition to neurological studies, Methylene Blue has been explored in research related to antimicrobial activity, photodynamic therapy, and tissue protection. Its broad mechanism of action makes it a versatile tool in both cellular and systemic research models.
